Temporomandibular dysfunction (TMD) is a condition affecting the jaw and its surrounding structures. It can take many forms and present itself in many ways. People experiencing TMD may notice one or more of the following symptoms:
- Pain in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ)
- Clicking or popping when opening or closing the jaw
- Temporal headaches
- Referred pain in the face
- Discomfort while chewing or yawning
- Tinnitus (ringing in the ears)
- Difficulty fully opening the jaw
TMD is more common than you might think, affecting approximately 10-30% of adults. As a result, it is a frequent concern for healthcare providers, including dentists, physiotherapists, and chiropractors.
Book Your Appointment TodayWhat is Considered Normal Jaw Function?
While there is no single “normal” standard for jaw movement, the expected minimum vertical jaw opening is generally agreed to be about 35mm, or roughly the width of three fingertips. A reduced jaw opening may indicate an underlying issue that requires further assessment.
What Steps Should You Take if You Have Jaw Pain?
If jaw pain occurs in isolation, it may require minimal intervention. However, when the pain is accompanied by multiple symptoms, the condition is likely to be more complex and chronic. When this is the case, an individualized, multidisciplinary approach to care might be necessary to help address the root causes of TMD and provide effective treatment.
Chiropractors, physiotherapists, acupuncturists, massage therapists can help address the root causes and provide effective treatment in addition to medical doctors and dentists.
Book Your Appointment TodayThe Connection Between the Jaw and Neck
Most cases of TMD involve masticatory muscle pain, making muscle treatment an essential part of the care plan. Chiropractors and physiotherapists regularly treat muscle injuries using techniques such as manual therapy, dry needling, and targeted exercises. Since the jaw and neck are linked anatomically, addressing neck posture and overall spinal alignment is often necessary for a successful recovery. A 2016 systematic review concluded that a combination of manual therapy (for the cervical spine and jaw), postural exercises, and jaw exercises effectively improves mouth opening.
Supplemental Treatment Options for TMD (Non-Invasive)
The following may also be great supplements treatment:
- Jaw Exercises
- Resting the jaw
- Soft tissue therapy (extra-oral and intra-oral)
- At-home jaw exercises and relaxation techniques
- Modalities such as laser therapy and TENS (transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation)
- Jaw and neck mobilizations/manipulations
- Botox injections (administered by dentists) as an adjunct to other treatments
Typical Treatment Plan
A chiropractic or physiotherapy treatment plan for TMD generally starts with appointments 2-3 times per week. As improvement is observed, treatment frequency decreases. The initial treatment phase is crucial for achieving cumulative results through soft tissue therapies and for monitoring progress with home exercises and habit modifications. Exercises are gradually advanced as the patient’s tolerance improves.
If you are experiencing symptoms of TMD, a multidisciplinary approach may be the key to effective relief and long-term management. Seeking care from trained professionals can help restore function, reduce pain, and improve overall quality of life.
